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-date = 2022-03-08
-title = "Migrating Plex to a New Server with Nvidia GPU Transcoding"
-description = ""
-draft = false
-+++
-
-# Migration Phases
-
-I recently decided to migrate my server from an old OptiPlex desktop machine to
-a custom-built tower with better hardware in every category. In order to do
-this, I would need to properly migrate a full Plex installation.
-
-The second part of this migration is that the new server uses an Nvidia GPU and
-does not have any integrated graphics, which requires extra work for
-installation, but provides much better hardware transcoding options for Plex.
-
-Therefore, I have broken this migration down into three phases:
-
-1.  Configure the New Server
-2.  Migrate Plex Data & Devices
-3.  Configure GPU Transcoding
-
-# Phase 1: Configure the New Server
-
-## Choosing an OS
-
-In order to migrate Plex to my new server, I first needed to choose an
-appropriate operating system (OS) and install it on the machine. Given that I
-have encountered numerous issues installing other Linux distributions properly
-with Nvidia graphics, I chose [Ubuntu
-Server](https://ubuntu.com/download/server).
-
-The first step is to create a bootable USB with Ubuntu Server. This is easy with
-[Etcher](https://www.balena.io/etcher/), an app that runs on many different
-platforms. Just download the Ubuntu Server `.iso` image, launch Etcher, and
-install the `.iso` on the USB.
-
-Once the USB is created, insert it into my server, reboot, and click `Esc` (or
-any of the `F1-12` keys) until the BIOS menu appears. Finally, launch the USB
-boot drive.
-
-## Booting with Nvidia
-
-In order to install Ubuntu Server with an Nvidia Graphics card (and no
-integrated graphics on this device for some reason), you'll have to configure
-the boot menu to allow different graphics drivers to be loaded.
-
-When booting from the USB, the machine will launch the initial installation
-menu. From this menu, type `e` to view the default command options that come
-with the device - it's a good idea to take a photo of this screen, so you can
-enter these commands on the next screen (along with adding support for Nvidia).
-
-Finally, type `Ctrl + C` to enter the command line. From this command line,
-enter the commands found on the `e` screen. _Remember to add `nomodeset` to the
-`linux ...` line so that your Nvidia device will display the installation
-screens properly!_
-
-Here's an example of the commands I pulled from the `e` screen and entered on
-the command line.
-
-```sh
-setparams 'Install Ubuntu Server'
-setgfxpayload=keep
-linux /casper/vmlinuz quiet nomodeset ---
-initrd /casper/initrd
-boot
-```
-
-Once the machine is rebooted, enter the `e` screen again and add `nomodeset` to
-the `linux ...` line again and press `Ctrl + X` to save the boot options.
-
-The machine is now fully installed and can properly display on an external
-display using the Nvidia GPU.
-
-Always remember to update and upgrade on a new installation:
-
-```sh
-sudo apt update; sudo apt upgrade -y; sudo apt autoremove -y
-```
-
-# Phase 2: Migrate Plex Data & Devices
-
-This phase uses the great Plex article on migrations ([Move an Installation to
-Another
-System](https://support.plex.tv/articles/201370363-move-an-install-to-another-system/))
-and adds a bit more information to help with commands and context.
-
-## Terminology
-
-**Source:** The original server that is being replaced.\
-**Destination:** The new server.\
-**Client:** Any application that can be used to modify settings for both
-source/destination.
-
-## Step 01: [Client] Update Settings
-
-Open up a Plex app and _disable_ the `Account` > `Library` > `Empty trash
-automatically after every scan` preference for the source server.
-
-## Step 02: [Destination] Install Plex
-
-Open up the [Plex Media Server download
-page](https://www.plex.tv/media-server-downloads/) and copy the link for the
-appropriate platform.
-
-Execute the following commands on the destination server to install Plex:
-
-```sh
-wget <url>
-sudo dpkg -i <filename>
-sudo systemctl stop plexmediaserver.service
-```
-
-## Step 03: [Source] Stop Plex & Migrate Data
-
-First, stop the Plex service so that no data is created or modified during the
-migration.
-
-```sh
-sudo systemctl stop plexmediaserver.service
-```
-
-Next, copy the data to the new server. To find where the Plex data directory is
-located, Plex has another excellent article available: [Where is the Plex Media
-Server data directory
-located?](https://support.plex.tv/articles/202915258-where-is-the-plex-media-server-data-directory-located/).
-
-There are many ways to copy the data to the new server and will largely depend
-on the size of the folder being copied. Personally, my data folder was ~23GB and
-I opted to simply use the `scp` command to copy the files over SSH.
-
-This process was throttled by the old server's slow HDD and ports and took
-approximately 90 minutes to complete. In comparison, moving the data from the
-new server's `home/user/` directory to the `/var/.../Plex Media Server`
-directory took 2-3 minutes.
-
-```sh
-scp -r "/var/lib/plexmediaserver/Library/Application Support/Plex Media Server" your_user@xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:"'/path/to/destination/'"
-```
-
-## Step 04: [Destination] Update File Permissions
-
-In case you move the data directory to a common area on the new server, it will
-have to be moved to the proper location before Plex can function properly:
-
-```sh
-mv "Plex Media Server" /var/lib/plexmediaserver/Library/Application Support/
-```
-
-To ensure permissions were retained properly, the server will need to show that
-all files and folders in the data directory are owned by `plex:plex` (or
-whichever user is running the Plex application).
-
-```sh
-sudo chown -R plex:plex "/var/lib/plexmediaserver/Library/Application Support/Plex Media Server"
-```
-
-Finally, start the service and check the status.
-
-```sh
-sudo systemctl start plexmediaserver.service
-sudo systemctl status plexmediaserver.service
-```
-
-## Step 05: [Client] Update Libraries & Metadata
-
-The first step - now that the new server is up and running - is to sign out of
-the client and sign back in. Once this is done, update any library locations, if
-necessary. This was unnecessary in my case since I simply moved my storage
-drives from the source server to the destination server.
-
-Next, perform the following actions in the client:
-
-1. On the left sidebar, click `More` > Three-Dot Menu > `Scan Library Files`
-2. _Enable_ the `Account` > `Library` > `Empty trash automatically after every
-scan` preference for the source server.
-3. On the left sidebar, click `More` > Three-Dot Menu > `Manage Server` > `Empty
-   Trash`
-4. On the left sidebar, click `More` > Three-Dot Menu > `Manage Server` > `Clean
-   Bundles`
-5. On the left sidebar, click `More` > Three-Dot Menu > `Manage Server` >
-   `Optimize Database`
-
-Finally, double-check the Remote Access settings to make sure no changes have
-caused issues with accessing the server from outside the network.
-
-In my case, I use a single port forwarding rule in my router and needed to
-update the Local LAN IP Address to the new server IP address.
-
-# Phase 3: Configure GPU Transcoding
-
-The final piece to the migration is enabling hardware transcoding so that Plex
-can fully utilize the new Nvidia GPU available in the server. The first step is
-to install Nvidia graphics drivers. This process may take a few minutes, but the
-commands are pretty simple:
-
-```sh
-sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
-sudo apt update
-sudo apt-get install ubuntu-drivers-common
-sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
-```
-
-Finally, reboot so that the changes are loaded:
-
-```sh
-sudo reboot now
-```
-
-To ensure that the Nvidia graphics drivers are working properly, run the
-following command to view the available GPUs, statistics, and processes:
-
-```sh
-sudo nvidia-smi
-```
-
-Finally, enable hardware transcoding settings in the Plex application to finish the process.