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-+++
-date = 2023-10-11
-title = "Self-Hosting Authelia"
-description = ""
-draft = false
-+++
-
-# Overview
-
-[Authelia](https://www.authelia.com/) is an open-source authentication service
-that allows you to place a portal between end users on the internet and
-self-hosted services on your server.
-
-You can require one factor (username+password) or two factor authentication for
-any such user before allowing them to access a specific service on your domain.
-
-This guide will walk through a standard installation of Authelia for
-`example.com`, using `auth.example.com` as Authelia's authentication domain and
-`teddit.example.com` as the website we want to protect behind the authentication
-portal.
-
-# Prerequisites
-
-This guide assumes you have the following already set-up:
-
--   A registered domain with DNS pointing to your server.
--   A subdomain for Authelia (`auth.example.com`) and a subdomain to protect via
-    Authelia (`app.example.com`).
--   A working Nginx web server.
--   Docker and docker-compose installed.
-
-# Installation
-
-This guide will walk through each installation step one-by-one, starting with
-the container and finishing by cleaning up external access via an Nginx reverse
-proxy.
-
-## Docker-Compose
-
-To start, create a directory for Authelia and create a `docker-compose.yml`
-file.
-
-```sh
-mkdir ~/authelia
-nano ~/authelia/docker-compose.yml
-```
-
-Within this file, paste the following content. If you prefer a different local
-port, modify the port on the left side of the colon on the `9091:9091` line. Be
-sure to modify the `TZ` variable to your timezone.
-
-```yml
-version: "3.3"
-
-services:
-    authelia:
-        image: authelia/authelia
-        container_name: authelia
-        volumes:
-            - ./config:/config
-        ports:
-            - 9091:9091
-        environment:
-            - TZ=America/Chicago
-```
-
-Start the container with docker-compose:
-
-```sh
-sudo docker-compose up -d
-```
-
-After the first start, the container will automatically exit and require you to
-modify the app's configuration files before continuing. Read on to learn more.
-
-## Authelia Configuration
-
-To configure Authelia before we restart the container, we need to open the
-`config` directory and modify the files. Start by editing the
-`configuration.yml` file, where all of Authelia's settings are stored.
-
-My personal preference is to copy the original configuration file to a backup
-file and edit a fresh copy.
-
-```sh
-sudo cp ~/authelia/config/configuration.yml ~/authelia/config/configuration.yml.bk
-sudo nano ~/authelia/config/configuration.yml
-```
-
-Within the blank `configuration.yml` file, paste the following information. You
-will need to make quite a few updates, so be sure to read each line carefully
-and modify as necessary.
-
-The major required changes are:
-
--   Any instances of `example.com` should be replaced by your domain.
--   `jwt_secret` - Use the `pwgen 40 1` command to generate a secret for
-    yourself.
--   `access_control` - Set the Authelia domain to bypass here, as well as any
-    subdomains you want to protect.
--   `session` > `secret` - Use the `pwgen 40 1` command to generate a secret for
-    yourself.
--   `regulation` - Set the variables here to restrict login attempts and bans.
--   `storage` > `encryption_key` - Use the `pwgen 40 1` command to generate a
-    secret for yourself.
--   `smtp` - If you have access to an SMTP service, set up the information here
-    to active outgoing emails.
-
-```yml
-# yamllint disable rule:comments-indentation
----
-###############################################################################
-#                           Authelia Configuration                            #
-###############################################################################
-
-theme: dark
-jwt_secret: aiS5iedaiv6eeVaideeLeich5roo6ohvaf3Vee1a # pwgen 40 1
-
-default_redirection_url: https://example.com
-
-server:
-    host: 0.0.0.0
-    port: 9091
-    path: ""
-    read_buffer_size: 4096
-    write_buffer_size: 4096
-    enable_pprof: false
-    enable_expvars: false
-    disable_healthcheck: false
-    tls:
-        key: ""
-        certificate: ""
-
-log:
-    level: debug
-
-totp:
-    issuer: example.com
-    period: 30
-    skew: 1
-
-authentication_backend:
-    disable_reset_password: false
-    refresh_interval: 5m
-    file:
-        path: /config/users_database.yml
-        password:
-            algorithm: argon2id
-            iterations: 1
-            key_length: 32
-            salt_length: 16
-            memory: 1024
-            parallelism: 8
-
-access_control:
-    default_policy: deny
-    rules:
-        - domain:
-              - "auth.example.com"
-          policy: bypass
-        - domain: "teddit.example.com"
-          policy: one_factor
-
-session:
-    name: authelia_session
-    secret: aiS5iedaiv6eeVaideeLeich5roo6ohvaf3Vee1a # pwgen 40 1
-    expiration: 3600
-    inactivity: 300
-    domain: example.com
-
-regulation:
-    max_retries: 5
-    find_time: 10m
-    ban_time: 12h
-
-storage:
-    local:
-        path: /config/db.sqlite3
-    encryption_key: aiS5iedaiv6eeVaideeLeich5roo6ohvaf3Vee1a # pwgen 40 1
-
-notifier:
-    disable_startup_check: true
-    smtp:
-        username: user@example.com
-        password: password
-        host: smtp.example.com
-        port: 465
-        sender: user@example.com
-        identifier: example.com
-        subject: "[Authelia] {title}"
-        startup_check_address: user@example.com
-        disable_require_tls: false
-        disable_html_emails: true
-        tls:
-            skip_verify: false
-            minimum_version: TLS1.2
-```
-
-## Authelia Users
-
-Next, create the users file for authentication.
-
-```sh
-sudo nano ~/authelia/config/users_database.yml
-```
-
-Within the file, you will need to create an entry for each user that needs
-access to Authelia. The `my_username` entry will be the username used on the
-login page.
-
-To generate the password, go to [Argon2 Hash Generator](https://argon2.online),
-generate a random salt, and make sure the rest of the settings match the
-`authentication_backend` section of `configuration.yml` file.
-
-```yaml
-users:
-    my_username:
-        displayname: "My User"
-        # Generated at https://argon2.online/ -- match the settings in
-        # the `authentication_backend` section of configuration.yml
-        password: ""
-        email: email@example.com
-        groups:
-            - admins
-            - dev
-```
-
-Once the app is configured, restart the container from scratch.
-
-```sh
-cd ~/authelia
-sudo docker-compose down && sudo docker-compose up -d
-```
-
-## Nginx: Authelia Domain
-
-Once the container is running and configured, the final step is to configure
-external access to the server via Nginx reverse proxy.
-
-Start by creating the Authelia domain.
-
-```sh
-sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/auth
-```
-
-Within this file, paste the following information and be sure to update
-`example.com` to your domain. Make sure the `$upstream_authelia` variable
-matches the location of your Authelia container.
-
-```conf
-server {
-    if ($host ~ ^[^.]+\.example\.com$) {
-        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
-    }
-
-    listen [::]:80;
-    listen 80;
-    server_name auth.example.com;
-    return 404;
-}
-
-server {
-    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
-    listen 443 ssl http2;
-    server_name auth.example.com;
-    access_log  /var/log/nginx/auth.access.log;
-    error_log   /var/log/nginx/auth.error.log;
-
-    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
-    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
-    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf;
-    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem;
-
-    location / {
-        set $upstream_authelia http://127.0.0.1:9091;
-        proxy_pass $upstream_authelia;
-        client_body_buffer_size 128k;
-
-        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;
-
-        send_timeout 5m;
-        proxy_read_timeout 360;
-        proxy_send_timeout 360;
-        proxy_connect_timeout 360;
-
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Uri $request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on;
-        proxy_redirect  http://  $scheme://;
-        proxy_http_version 1.1;
-        proxy_set_header Connection "";
-        proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_session;
-        proxy_no_cache $cookie_session;
-        proxy_buffers 64 256k;
-    }
-
-}
-```
-
-Next, symlink the file and restart Nginx. If there are errors, be sure to
-resolve those before moving on.
-
-```sh
-sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/auth /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/auth
-sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
-```
-
-## Nginx: Protected Domain(s)
-
-Now that Authelia is accessible externally, you need to configure the domain you
-intend to protect with Authelia. In this example, I'm protecting
-`teddit.example.com`.
-
-Similar to the process above, paste the content and update the relevant
-variables.
-
-```sh
-sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/teddit
-```
-
-```conf
-server {
-    if ($host ~ ^[^.]+\.example\.com$) {
-        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
-    }
-
-    listen [::]:80;
-    listen 80;
-    server_name teddit.example.com;
-    return 404;
-}
-
-server {
-    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
-    listen 443 ssl http2;
-    server_name teddit.example.com;
-    access_log  /var/log/nginx/teddit.access.log;
-    error_log   /var/log/nginx/teddit.error.log;
-
-    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";
-    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
-    add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY";
-    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains";
-    add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer";
-
-    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
-    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
-    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf;
-    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem;
-
-    location /authelia {
-        internal;
-        set $upstream_authelia http://127.0.0.1:9091/api/verify;
-        proxy_pass_request_body off;
-        proxy_pass $upstream_authelia;
-        proxy_set_header Content-Length "";
-
-        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;
-        client_body_buffer_size 128k;
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Original-URL $scheme://$http_host$request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Uri $request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on;
-        proxy_redirect  http://  $scheme://;
-        proxy_http_version 1.1;
-        proxy_set_header Connection "";
-        proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_session;
-        proxy_no_cache $cookie_session;
-        proxy_buffers 4 32k;
-
-        send_timeout 5m;
-        proxy_read_timeout 240;
-        proxy_send_timeout 240;
-        proxy_connect_timeout 240;
-    }
-
-    location / {
-        set $upstream_teddit http://127.0.0.1:8686;
-        proxy_pass $upstream_teddit;
-
-        auth_request /authelia;
-        auth_request_set $target_url https://$http_host$request_uri;
-        auth_request_set $user $upstream_http_remote_user;
-        auth_request_set $email $upstream_http_remote_email;
-        auth_request_set $groups $upstream_http_remote_groups;
-        proxy_set_header Remote-User $user;
-        proxy_set_header Remote-Email $email;
-        proxy_set_header Remote-Groups $groups;
-
-        error_page 401 =302 https://auth.example.com/?rd=$target_url;
-
-        client_body_buffer_size 128k;
-
-        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;
-
-        send_timeout 5m;
-        proxy_read_timeout 360;
-        proxy_send_timeout 360;
-        proxy_connect_timeout 360;
-
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
-        proxy_set_header Connection upgrade;
-        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding gzip;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Uri $request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on;
-        proxy_redirect  http://  $scheme://;
-        proxy_http_version 1.1;
-        proxy_set_header Connection "";
-        proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_session;
-        proxy_no_cache $cookie_session;
-        proxy_buffers 64 256k;
-    }
-}
-```
-
-Same as before, symlink the file and restart Nginx.
-
-```sh
-sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/teddit /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/teddit
-sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
-```
-
-# Results
-
-When visiting the protected domain, you will now be redirected to your
-authentication domain and presented with the Authelia login portal.
-
-![Authelia
-Portal](https://img.cleberg.net/blog/20231010-authelia/authelia_portal.png)
-
-Once you've successfully authenticated, you can visit your authentication domain
-directly and see that you're currently authenticated to any domain protected by
-Authelia.
-
-![Authelia
-Success](https://img.cleberg.net/blog/20231010-authelia/authelia_success.png)