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-+++
-date = 2024-03-15
-title = "Self-Hosting DDNS Updater"
-description = ""
-draft = false
-+++
-
-![DDNS Updater Web
-View](https://img.cleberg.net/blog/20240315-ddns-updater/ddns.png)
-
-[DDNS Updater](https://github.com/qdm12/ddns-updater) is a program to keep DNS A
-and/or AAAA records updated for multiple DNS providers.
-
-If you've read any of my other posts, you'll notice that I have been searching
-for and using a few different DDNS updating solutions for years. You'll also
-notice that I love any projects that offer a Docker Compose solution.
-
-Luckily, DDNS Upater fits both of these preferences.
-
-## Installation
-
-To get started, always make sure to review the project's
-[README](https://github.com/qdm12/ddns-updater/blob/master/README.md). I'll be
-documenting my steps below, but they may have changed by the time you read this.
-
-The first step is to set up the directories and files required for the project.
-
-```sh
-mkdir ~/ddns-updater
-mkdir ~/ddns-updater/data
-touch ~/ddns-updater/data/config.json
-```
-
-### Configuration
-
-The main configuration you need to update is the `data/config.json` file. There
-is a large list of supported providers in the README, but I'm going to use
-Cloudflare in this example.
-
-```sh
-nano ~/ddns-updater/data/config.json
-```
-
-When setting up the configuration for Cloudflare, you'll need the following:
-
--   Required Parameters
-    -   `"zone_identifier"` is the Zone ID of your site from the domain overview
-        page
-    -   `"host"` is your host and can be `"@"`, a subdomain or the wildcard
-        `"*"`. See [this issue comment for
-        context](https://github.com/qdm12/ddns-updater/issues/243#issuecomment-928313949).
-    -   `"ttl"` integer value for record TTL in seconds (specify 1 for
-        automatic)
-    -   One of the following ([how to find API
-        keys](https://developers.cloudflare.com/fundamentals/api/get-started/)):
-        -   Email `"email"` and Global API Key `"key"`
-        -   User service key `"user_service_key"`
-        -   API Token `"token"`, configured with DNS edit permissions for your
-            DNS name's zone
--   Optional Parameters
-    -   `"proxied"` can be set to `true` to use the proxy services of Cloudflare
-    -   `"ip_version"` can be `ipv4` (A records), or `ipv6` (AAAA records) or
-        `ipv4   or ipv6` (update one of the two, depending on the public ip
-        found). It defaults to `ipv4 or ipv6`.
-    -   `"ipv6_suffix"` is the IPv6 interface identifier suffix to use. It can
-        be for example `0:0:0:0:72ad:8fbb:a54e:bedd/64`. If left empty, it
-        defaults to no suffix and the raw public IPv6 address obtained is used
-        in the record updating.
-
-```conf
-{
-  "settings": [
-    {
-      "provider": "cloudflare",
-      "zone_identifier": "some id",
-      "domain": "domain.com",
-      "host": "@",
-      "ttl": 1,
-      "proxied": true,
-      "token": "yourtoken",
-      "ip_version": "ipv4",
-      "ipv6_suffix": ""
-    }
-  ]
-}
-```
-
-Once you have configured the provider of your choice, correct the file and
-directory permissions and ownership.
-
-```sh
-cd ~/ddns_updater
-# Owned by user ID of Docker container (1000)
-chown -R 1000 data
-# all access (for creating json database file data/updates.json)
-chmod 700 data
-# read access only
-chmod 400 data/config.json
-```
-
-### Docker Compose
-
-After creating the project structure, let's create the `docker-compose.yml`
-file.
-
-```sh
-nano ~/ddns_-pdater/docker-compose.yml
-```
-
-```config
-version: "3.7"
-services:
-  ddns-updater:
-    image: qmcgaw/ddns-updater
-    container_name: ddns-updater
-    network_mode: bridge
-    ports:
-      - 8097:8000/tcp # Change the 8097 value to whichever port you want to use
-    volumes:
-      - ./data:/updater/data
-    environment:
-      - CONFIG=
-      - PERIOD=5m
-      - UPDATE_COOLDOWN_PERIOD=5m
-      - PUBLICIP_FETCHERS=all
-      - PUBLICIP_HTTP_PROVIDERS=all
-      - PUBLICIPV4_HTTP_PROVIDERS=all
-      - PUBLICIPV6_HTTP_PROVIDERS=all
-      - PUBLICIP_DNS_PROVIDERS=all
-      - PUBLICIP_DNS_TIMEOUT=3s
-      - HTTP_TIMEOUT=10s
-
-      # Web UI
-      - LISTENING_ADDRESS=:8000
-      - ROOT_URL=/
-
-      # Backup
-      - BACKUP_PERIOD=0 # 0 to disable
-      - BACKUP_DIRECTORY=/updater/data
-
-      # Other
-      - LOG_LEVEL=info
-      - LOG_CALLER=hidden
-      - SHOUTRRR_ADDRESSES=
-    restart: always
-```
-
-After configuring your preferences in the `docker-compose.yml`, launch the
-container.
-
-```sh
-cd ~/ddns-updater
-sudo docker-compose up -d
-```
-
-If you've launched this on your local machine, you can launch `localhost:8097`
-in your browser to see the results.
-
-### Nginx Reverse Proxy
-
-If you launched this service on a server, other machine, or just want to access
-it remotely via a domain name, you can use Nginx as a reverse proxy to expose
-the service publicly.
-
-Start by creating the Nginx configuration file.
-
-```sh
-sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/ddns
-```
-
-Here's a basic example that should work properly.
-
-```conf
-server {
-    # If using 443, remember to include your ssl_certificate
-    # and ssl_certificate_key
-    listen [::]:80;
-    listen 80;
-    server_name ddns.example.com;
-
-    location / {
-        set $upstream_ao http://127.0.0.1:9380;
-        proxy_pass $upstream_ao;
-
-        # May need some additional proxy_* parameters,
-        # see the full example below if necessary
-    }
-}
-```
-
-Here's a full example that uses my Authelia authentication service to require
-authentication before someone can access the web page.
-
-```conf
-server {
-    if ($host ~ ^[^.]+\.example\.com$) {
-        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
-    }
-
-    listen [::]:80;
-    listen 80;
-    server_name ddns.example.com;
-    return 404;
-}
-
-server {
-    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
-    listen 443 ssl http2;
-    server_name ddns.example.com;
-    access_log  /var/log/nginx/ddns.access.log;
-    error_log   /var/log/nginx/ddns.error.log;
-
-    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";
-    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
-    add_header X-Frame-Options "DENY";
-    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains";
-    add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer";
-
-    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
-    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
-    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf;
-    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem;
-
-    location /authelia {
-        internal;
-        set $upstream_authelia http://127.0.0.1:9091/api/verify; #change the IP and Port to match the IP and Port of your Authelia container
-        proxy_pass_request_body off;
-        proxy_pass $upstream_authelia;
-        proxy_set_header Content-Length "";
-
-        # Timeout if the real server is dead
-        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;
-        client_body_buffer_size 128k;
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Original-URL $scheme://$http_host$request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Uri $request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on;
-        proxy_redirect  http://  $scheme://;
-        proxy_http_version 1.1;
-        proxy_set_header Connection "";
-        proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_session;
-        proxy_no_cache $cookie_session;
-        proxy_buffers 4 32k;
-
-        send_timeout 5m;
-        proxy_read_timeout 240;
-        proxy_send_timeout 240;
-        proxy_connect_timeout 240;
-    }
-
-    location / {
-        set $upstream_ddns http://127.0.0.1:8097; #change ddns to match your container name: $upstream_some-container-name or $upstream_somecontainername
-        proxy_pass $upstream_ddns; #change ddns to match your container name: $upstream_some-container-name or $upstream_somecontainername
-
-        auth_request /authelia;
-        auth_request_set $target_url https://$http_host$request_uri;
-        auth_request_set $user $upstream_http_remote_user;
-        auth_request_set $email $upstream_http_remote_email;
-        auth_request_set $groups $upstream_http_remote_groups;
-        proxy_set_header Remote-User $user;
-        proxy_set_header Remote-Email $email;
-        proxy_set_header Remote-Groups $groups;
-
-        error_page 401 =302 https://auth.example.com/?rd=$target_url; #change this to match your authentication domain/subdomain
-
-        client_body_buffer_size 128k;
-
-        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;
-
-        send_timeout 5m;
-        proxy_read_timeout 360;
-        proxy_send_timeout 360;
-        proxy_connect_timeout 360;
-
-        proxy_set_header Host $host;
-        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
-        proxy_set_header Connection upgrade;
-        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding gzip;
-        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Uri $request_uri;
-        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on;
-        proxy_redirect  http://  $scheme://;
-        proxy_http_version 1.1;
-        proxy_set_header Connection "";
-        proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_session;
-        proxy_no_cache $cookie_session;
-        proxy_buffers 64 256k;
-
-        # set_real_ip_from 192.168.1.0/16; #make sure this matches your network setup
-        # real_ip_header CF-Connecting-IP;
-        # real_ip_recursive on;
-    }
-}
-```
-
-When complete, simply link the file and restart the web server.
-
-```sh
-sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/ddns /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ddns
-sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
-```
-
-Your ddns-updater service will now be available via `ddns.example.com`!