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#+title: Enable GZIP Compression in Nginx
#+date: 2022-12-01
#+description: Learn how to enable compression in Nginx.
#+filetags: :nginx:
* Text Compression
Text compression allows a web server to serve text-based resources
faster than uncompressed data. This can speed up things like First
Contentful Paint, Tie to Interactive, and Speed Index.
* Enable Nginx Compression with gzip
In order to enable text compression on Nginx, we need to enable it
within the configuration file:
#+begin_src sh
nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#+end_src
Within the =http= block, find the section that shows something like the
block below. This is the default gzip configuration I found in my
=nginx.conf= file on Alpine Linux 3.17. Yours may look slightly
different, just make sure that you're not creating any duplicate gzip
options.
#+begin_src conf
# Enable gzipping of responses.
#gzip on;
# Set the Vary HTTP header as defined in the RFC 2616. Default is 'off'.
gzip_vary on;
#+end_src
Remove the default gzip lines and replace them with the following:
#+begin_src conf
# Enable gzipping of responses.
gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_min_length 10240;
gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth;
gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]";
#+end_src
* Explanations of ngx_{httpgzipmodule} Options
Each of the lines above enables a different aspect of the gzip response
for Nginx. Here are the full explanations:
- =gzip= -- Enables or disables gzipping of responses.
- =gzip_vary= -- Enables or disables inserting the "Vary:
Accept-Encoding" response header field if the directives gzip,
gzip_{static}, or gunzip are active.
- =gzip_min_length= -- Sets the minimum length of a response that will
be gzipped. The length is determined only from the "Content-Length"
response header field.
- =gzip_proxied= -- Enables or disables gzipping of responses for
proxied requests depending on the request and response. The fact that
the request is proxied is determined by the presence of the "Via"
request header field.
- =gzip_types= -- Enables gzipping of responses for the specified MIME
types in addition to "text/html". The special value “*” matches any
MIME type (0.8.29). Responses with the "text/html" type are always
compressed.
- =gzip_disable= -- Disables gzipping of responses for requests with
"User-Agent" header fields matching any of the specified regular
expressions.
- The special mask "msie6" (0.7.12) corresponds to the regular
expression "MSIE [4-6].", but works faster. Starting from version
0.8.11, "MSIE 6.0; ... SV1" is excluded from this mask.
More information on these directives and their options can be found on
the [[https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_gzip_module.html][Module
ngx_{httpgzipmodule}]] page in Nginx's documentation.
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